宇宙正在向遠方慢慢消逝。澳大利亞宇宙學家總結說,人們所認為的正在推動宇宙遠離其固有位置的一股不可見的力量確實存在。他們的研究是人類第一次去探究大爆炸之前(大于大爆炸距今時間的一半)的宇宙結構。而在那時,宇宙結構內的斥力(也就是所謂的暗能量)已開始大于萬有引力了。斯威本大學的克萊斯·布萊克說道:以他們四年來對20多萬個遙遠星系的觀測結果來看,這種神秘的力量是宇宙空間自身所有的一種特性。 ''Dark energy is real,'' Dr Blake said. ''It fills the universe.'' 布萊克博士說:“暗能量是真的,它充斥于宇宙” The possible existence of an all-pervading repulsive force was first revealed in 1998, when two teams, one led by Brian Schmidt of the Australian National University, discovered that the expansion of the universe was speeding up, rather than slowing down as thought. 最早關于可能存在(有)一種無所不在的斥力的報道是發表于1988年。當時有兩組團隊(其中一組是由澳大利亞國立大學的布賴恩施密特所帶領的)發現宇宙正在加速膨脹,而非人們所想的減速膨脹。 The team of 26 astronomers, co-led by Dr Blake, used the Australian Astronomical Observatory near Coonabarabran in NSW to observe the force's effect on how galaxies were clustered together about 7 billion years ago, more than halfway back to the Big Bang. 通過利用(NSW)西部新南威爾士的庫南巴拉布蘭附近的澳大利亞天文臺,這只由布萊克博士領導的,擁有26名宇宙學家的團隊,研究了這種力量對70億年前(大于大爆炸距今時間的一半)的星系聚集方式的影響。(譯者注,大爆炸發生于距今150億年前左右) Dr Blake said their results support the idea that dark energy is the ''cosmological constant'' - a repulsive force Albert Einstein proposed almost a century ago to explain why the universe did not collapse on itself. 布萊克博士說,他們的研究結果支持暗能量是“宇宙常量”的觀點。而這種觀點在大約一個世紀前就被愛因斯坦(所)提出來了,用于解釋為什么宇宙不自我塌陷了。 The famous scientist later dismissed the idea as ''his greatest blunder''. But he was right after all, Dr Blake said. ''Einstein remains untoppled.'' 但是這位著名的科學家之后卻把這種觀點當作“他最大的錯誤”予以摒棄了。不過他終究還是對的。布萊克博士說道:“愛因斯坦仍是不可推翻的。” Dark energy will continue to push galaxies ever faster away until they fade completely from view. It might also result in a ''Big Rip'', as matter is torn apart, atom by atom, Dr Blake said. 暗能量還將繼續更快的把星系推向遠方,直到完全從我們視野中消失。布萊克博士說,隨著宇宙中的物質一點一點被拆分,還可能會導致“大斷裂”的出現。 Two studies, on the distribution of the galaxies and the rate at which clusters formed, are published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 關于星系分布和星系集群形成速率的兩篇研究論文,發表于《皇家天文學會月報》。 |