ARM驅動蜂鳴器的方式有兩種:一種是PWM輸出口直接驅動,另一種是利用IO定時翻轉電平產生驅動波形對蜂鳴器進行驅動。PWM輸出口直接驅動是利用PWM輸出口本身可以輸出一定的方波來進行驅動。在ARM中可以用幾個特殊功能寄存器對占空比和周期進行設置。通過設置這些寄存器產生符合蜂鳴器要求的方波后,這個時候利用這個方波就可以對蜂鳴器進行驅動了。使用PWM時,通過TCMPn可以決定脈寬,TCNTn決定頻率,TCMPn/TCNTn決定占空比。使用IO口電平翻轉時,需要使用定時器來做定時,通過定時翻轉產生符合要求頻率的波形。由于蜂鳴器一般的工作電流比較大,以至于IO口無法驅動,一般使用放大電路來驅動,一般使用三極管來放大電流就可以了。 使用PWM控制蜂鳴器: rTCFG0用來設置預分頻值,rTCFG1用來設置多路選擇器MUX的分頻值,TCNTB0也起到分頻作用。使用PWM控制蜂鳴器注意設置GPB0為TOUT0。這里設置PWM頻率為1HZ,占空比50%,也就是半秒響一次。S3C2440定時器中有雙緩沖rTCNTBn,rTCMPBn,他們是可以通過編程訪問的,他們會將數據自動裝入rTCNTn,rTCMPn,這兩個16位計數器對程序員來說是透明的。 一般啟動定時器的步驟如下:
#define rGPBCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000010) #define rGPBDAT (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000014) #define rGPBUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000018) #define rTCFG0 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x51000000) #define rTCFG1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x51000004) #define rTCNTB0 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x5100000C) #define rTCMPB0 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x51000010) #define rTCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x51000008) int Main(){ rGPBCON &= 0xfffffc; rGPBCON |= 0x2; rTCFG0 &= "0xff; rTCFG0 |= 0x64; rTCFG1 &= "0xf; rTCFG1 |= 0x3; rTCNTB0 = 0x7530; rTCMPB0 = rTCNTB0>>1; rTCON &= "0x1f; rTCON |= (0x1)|(0x1<<1)|(0x1<<3); rTCON &= "2; while(1); return 0; } 使用定時器產生中斷使IO電平翻轉,控制蜂鳴器: 定時器注意設置rINTMSK開中斷,并在中斷處理程序中清除中斷請求位。rSRCPND |= 0x1<<10;rINTPND |= 0x1<<10;清除rINTPND通過設置相應為1進行清除。rSTCPND是向相應位寫數據清除。如果不清除,會一直響應這個中斷。在Main函數中清一下是為了防止以前這個位申請中斷,所以清一下,以防萬一。定時器接在APB總線上,所以用PCLK時鐘。在這里我設預分頻為0x64,除法器為16,rTCNTB0為0x7a12,所以 50M/0x64/16/0x7a12為1HZ,所以中斷周期為1s,所以每一秒蜂鳴器響一下,然后隔一秒,然后再響。 #define rGPBCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000010) #define rGPBDAT (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000014) #define rGPBUP (*(volatile unsigned *)0x56000018) #define rSRCPND (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4A000000) #define rINTPND (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4A000010) #define rTCFG0 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x51000000) #define rTCFG1 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x51000004) #define rTCNTB0 (*(volatile unsigned *)0x5100000C) #define rTCON (*(volatile unsigned *)0x51000008) #define rINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned *)0x4A000008) #define U32 unsigned int #define _ISR_STARTADDRESS 0x33ffff00 #define pISR_TIMER0 (*(unsigned *)(_ISR_STARTADDRESS+0x48)) int count; void __irq Timer0_ISR(void){ rSRCPND |= 0x1<<10; rINTPND |= 0x1<<10; count++; if(count %2 == 1) rGPBDAT |= 0x01; else rGPBDAT &= 0xfe; if(count == 1000) count = 0; } int Main(){ count = 0; rGPBCON &= 0xfffffc; rGPBCON |= 0x1; rGPBDAT &= 0xffe; rGPBUP &= 0xfe; pISR_TIMER0 = (U32)Timer0_ISR; rSRCPND |= 0x1<<10; rINTPND |= 0x1<<10; rINTMSK &= "(0x1<<10); rTCFG0 &= "0xff; rTCFG0 |= 0x64; rTCFG1 &= "0xf; rTCFG1 |= 0x3; rTCNTB0 = 0x7a12; rTCON &= "0x1f; rTCON |= 0xb; rTCON &= "0x2; while(1); return 0; } 李萬鵬 |