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這10大C語言基礎(chǔ)算法，在面試中會經(jīng)常遇到！

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2020-4-29 14:33 發(fā)布者：嵌入式人生17

算法是一個(gè)程序和軟件的靈魂，作為一名優(yōu)秀的程序員，只有對一些基礎(chǔ)的算法有著全面的掌握，才會在設(shè)計(jì)程序和編寫代碼的過程中顯得得心應(yīng)手。本文是近百個(gè)C語言算法系列的第二篇，包括了經(jīng)典的Fibonacci數(shù)列、簡易計(jì)算器、回文檢查、質(zhì)數(shù)檢查等算法。也許他們能在你的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)或者面試中派上用場。

1、計(jì)算Fibonacci數(shù)列

Fibonacci數(shù)列又稱斐波那契數(shù)列，又稱黃金分割數(shù)列，指的是這樣一個(gè)數(shù)列：1、1、2、3、5、8、13、21。

C語言實(shí)現(xiàn)的代碼如下：

/* Displaying Fibonacci sequence up to nth term where n is entered by user. */#include int main(){ int count, n, t1=0, t2=1, display=0; printf("Enter number of terms: "); scanf("%d",&n); printf("Fibonacci Series: %d+%d+", t1, t2); /* Displaying first two terms */ count=2; /* count=2 because first two terms are already displayed. */ while (count

結(jié)果輸出：

Enter number of terms: 10Fibonacci Series: 0+1+1+2+3+5+8+13+21+34+

也可以使用下面的源代碼：

/* Displaying Fibonacci series up to certain number entered by user. */ #include int main(){ int t1=0, t2=1, display=0, num; printf("Enter an integer: "); scanf("%d",&num); printf("Fibonacci Series: %d+%d+", t1, t2); /* Displaying first two terms */ display=t1+t2; while(display

結(jié)果輸出：

Enter an integer: 200Fibonacci Series: 0+1+1+2+3+5+8+13+21+34+55+89+144+

2、回文檢查

源代碼：

/* C program to check whether a number is palindrome or not */ #include int main(){ int n, reverse=0, rem,temp; printf("Enter an integer: "); scanf("%d", &n); temp=n; while(temp!=0) { rem=temp%10; reverse=reverse*10+rem; temp/=10; } /* Checking if number entered by user and it's reverse number is equal. */ if(reverse==n) printf("%d is a palindrome.",n); else printf("%d is not a palindrome.",n); return 0;}

結(jié)果輸出：

Enter an integer: 1232112321 is a palindrome.

3、質(zhì)數(shù)檢查

注：1既不是質(zhì)數(shù)也不是合數(shù)。

源代碼：

/* C program to check whether a number is prime or not. */ #include int main(){ int n, i, flag=0; printf("Enter a positive integer: "); scanf("%d",&n); for(i=2;i<=n/2;++i) { if(n%i==0) { flag=1; break; } } if (flag==0) printf("%d is a prime number.",n); else printf("%d is not a prime number.",n); return 0;}

結(jié)果輸出：

Enter a positive integer: 2929 is a prime number.

4、打印金字塔和三角形

使用 * 建立三角形

** ** * ** * * ** * * * *

源代碼：

#include int main(){ int i,j,rows; printf("Enter the number of rows: "); scanf("%d",&rows); for(i=1;i<=rows;++i) { for(j=1;j<=i;++j) { printf("* "); } printf("\n"); } return 0;}

如下圖所示使用數(shù)字打印半金字塔。

11 21 2 31 2 3 41 2 3 4 5

源代碼：

#include int main(){ int i,j,rows; printf("Enter the number of rows: "); scanf("%d",&rows); for(i=1;i<=rows;++i) { for(j=1;j<=i;++j) { printf("%d ",j); } printf("\n"); } return 0;}

用 * 打印半金字塔

* * * * ** * * ** * * * **

源代碼：

#include int main(){ int i,j,rows; printf("Enter the number of rows: "); scanf("%d",&rows); for(i=rows;i>=1;--i) { for(j=1;j<=i;++j) { printf("* "); } printf("\n"); } return 0;}

用 * 打印金字塔

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * *

源代碼：

#include int main(){ int i,space,rows,k=0; printf("Enter the number of rows: "); scanf("%d",&rows); for(i=1;i<=rows;++i) { for(space=1;space<=rows-i;++space) { printf(" "); } while(k!=2*i-1) { printf("* "); ++k; } k=0; printf("\n"); } return 0;}

用 * 打印倒金字塔

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

源代碼：

#includeint main(){ int rows,i,j,space; printf("Enter number of rows: "); scanf("%d",&rows); for(i=rows;i>=1;--i) { for(space=0;space

5、簡單的加減乘除計(jì)算器

源代碼：

/* Source code to create a simple calculator for addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division using switch...case statement in C programming. */ # include int main(){ char o; float num1,num2; printf("Enter operator either + or - or * or divide : "); scanf("%c",&o); printf("Enter two operands: "); scanf("%f%f",&num1,&num2); switch(o) { case '+': printf("%.1f + %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1+num2); break; case '-': printf("%.1f - %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1-num2); break; case '*': printf("%.1f * %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1*num2); break; case '/': printf("%.1f / %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1/num2); break; default: /* If operator is other than +, -, * or /, error message is shown */ printf("Error! operator is not correct"); break; } return 0;}

結(jié)果輸出：

Enter operator either + or - or * or divide : -Enter two operands: 3.48.43.4 - 8.4 = -5.0

6、檢查一個(gè)數(shù)能不能表示成兩個(gè)質(zhì)數(shù)之和

源代碼：

#include int prime(int n);int main(){ int n, i, flag=0; printf("Enter a positive integer: "); scanf("%d",&n); for(i=2; i<=n/2; ++i) { if (prime(i)!=0) { if ( prime(n-i)!=0) { printf("%d = %d + %d\n", n, i, n-i); flag=1; } } } if (flag==0) printf("%d can't be expressed as sum of two prime numbers.",n); return 0;}int prime(int n) /* Function to check prime number */{ int i, flag=1; for(i=2; i<=n/2; ++i) if(n%i==0) flag=0; return flag;}

結(jié)果輸出：

Enter a positive integer: 3434 = 3 + 3134 = 5 + 2934 = 11 + 2334 = 17 + 17

7、用遞歸的方式顛倒字符串

源代碼：

/* Example to reverse a sentence entered by user without using strings. */ #include void Reverse();int main(){ printf("Enter a sentence: "); Reverse(); return 0;}void Reverse(){ char c; scanf("%c",&c); if( c != '\n') { Reverse(); printf("%c",c); }}

結(jié)果輸出：

Enter a sentence: margorp emosewaawesome program

8、實(shí)現(xiàn)二進(jìn)制與十進(jìn)制之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

/* C programming source code to convert either binary to decimal or decimal to
binary according to data entered by user. */ #include #include int binary_decimal(int n);int decimal_binary(int n);int main(){ int n; char c; printf("Instructions:\n"); printf("1. Enter alphabet 'd' to convert binary to decimal.\n"); printf("2. Enter alphabet 'b' to convert decimal to binary.\n"); scanf("%c",&c); if (c =='d' || c == 'D') { printf("Enter a binary number: "); scanf("%d", &n); printf("%d in binary = %d in decimal", n, binary_decimal(n)); } if (c =='b' || c == 'B') { printf("Enter a decimal number: "); scanf("%d", &n); printf("%d in decimal = %d in binary", n, decimal_binary(n)); } return 0;} int decimal_binary(int n) /* Function to convert decimal to binary.*/{ int rem, i=1, binary=0; while (n!=0) { rem=n%2; n/=2; binary+=rem*i; i*=10; } return binary;} int binary_decimal(int n) /* Function to convert binary to decimal.*/ { int decimal=0, i=0, rem; while (n!=0) { rem = n%10; n/=10; decimal += rem*pow(2,i); ++i; } return decimal;}

結(jié)果輸出：

file:///C:\Users\Administrator.WIN-STED6B9V5UI\AppData\Local\Temp\ksohtml10792\wps4.png

9、使用多維數(shù)組實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)矩陣的相加

源代碼：

#include int main(){ int r,c,a[100][100],b[100][100],sum[100][100],i,j; printf("Enter number of rows (between 1 and 100): "); scanf("%d",&r); printf("Enter number of columns (between 1 and 100): "); scanf("%d",&c); printf("\nEnter elements of 1st matrix:\n"); /* Storing elements of first matrix entered by user. */ for(i=0;i[j]); } /* Storing elements of second matrix entered by user. */ printf("Enter elements of 2nd matrix:\n"); for(i=0;i[j]); } /*Adding Two matrices */ for(i=0;i[j]=a[j]+b[j]; /* Displaying the resultant sum matrix. */ printf("\nSum of two matrix is: \n\n"); for(i=0;i[j]); if(j==c-1) printf("\n\n"); } return 0;}

結(jié)果輸出：

file:///C:\Users\Administrator.WIN-STED6B9V5UI\AppData\Local\Temp\ksohtml10792\wps5.png

10、矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置

源代碼：

#include int main(){ int a[10][10], trans[10][10], r, c, i, j; printf("Enter rows and column of matrix: "); scanf("%d %d", &r, &c); /* Storing element of matrix entered by user in array a[][]. */ printf("\nEnter elements of matrix:\n"); for(i=0; i[j]); }/* Displaying the matrix a[][] */ printf("\nEntered Matrix: \n"); for(i=0; i[j]); if(j==c-1) printf("\n\n"); } /* Finding transpose of matrix a[][] and storing it in array trans[][]. */ for(i=0; i=a[j]; } /* Displaying the transpose,i.e, Displaying array trans[][]. */ printf("\nTranspose of Matrix:\n"); for(i=0; i[j]); if(j==r-1) printf("\n\n"); } return 0;}

結(jié)果輸出：

file:///C:\Users\Administrator.WIN-STED6B9V5UI\AppData\Local\Temp\ksohtml10792\wps6.png

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這10大C語言基礎(chǔ)算法，在面試中會經(jīng)常遇到！

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