作者:myshitshit 再貼一個測試設計的職位描述 Job Function: Definition, architecture, modeling, verification, bring-up, debug and support of structural test for achievement of high defect coverage of microprocessor designs from product definition through production. Responsibilities: • Define, model and verify DFT features. • Utilize industry-standard ATPG tools to generate patterns and verify them. • Simulate/verify DFT patterns using Verilog VCS. • Bring-up and debug DFT patterns on the ATE. • Develop, implement and support DFT methodologies. • Proficient with at-speed scan architectures, memory BIST and/or logic BIST. • Proficient with coding/scripting using Perl. • Mentor less senior DFT engineers and lead their efforts in achieving project objectives. • Collaborate with engineering professionals across the company in order to advance the state of the art of DFT and test practices at AMD. Preferred Experience: • Master of EE or above. 4+ years DFT experience. • Experience in microprocessor design or experience in handling complex SOC designs. • Knowledgeable about industrial standards in DFT such as LBIST/JTAG/MBIST. • Knowledgeable about ATE testers and ATPG standard practices. • Expert knowledge of Verilog, RTL, Verilog simulators and waveform debugging tools. • Good debugging capability with both RTL and gate-level simulations. • Good communication skills and the ability to work with geographically distributed design sites. 可以看出要求很多。一些剛進入電路行業的人會認為測試相關的事情技術含量很低啊,當然測試間的操作員是要做很多重復性勞動。但是測試設計完全是另一回事。大些的企業里,測試設計工程師跟測試工程師是2個不同職位。前者主要負責制定測試策略,添加測試電路,生成測試向量,協助后者調通測試程序。后者主要在機臺上調通程序,處理量產中測試相關問題,分析失效原因,協助其他工藝提高良品率。小點的公司可能2件事情同一個人做,或者干脆由管綜合的人做前者的事情,后者由工廠相關人員協助完成。由于大部分公司做的產品可靠性要求不高,所以很多時候只是在芯片上運行一下功能測試的程序,不需要做全面的掃描,對測試設計的專業性也就沒那么高。另外很多公司甚至沒有量產經歷,導致真正水平較高的測試設計人員很難找到。一般來說做測試設計的人員都是有過一段時間邏輯電路設計經驗的,測試工程師大部分是半導體廠直接招的畢業生練出來的。如果有公司要染指利潤,可靠性要求較高的汽車電子,航空電子,最重要的是要有夠水平的測試設計人員。 數字電路方面基本就這些崗位,模擬電路的崗位基本也就電路設計跟版圖設計,一個電路公司里邊如果有小妞,基本會出現在畫版圖的位置上,不過這些也基本是屌絲女,白富美基本不會光顧這種行業。下面看看這2種崗位的需求。 Position Description Analog IC designer - responsible for the design and development of analog/mixed signal IC circuit blocks from initial concept/specification through final verification of conformance to customer specifications. Background should demonstrate good problem solving skills, excellent analog aptitude, communication skills, and ability to work cooperatively in a team environment. The candidate would become part of analog IC design team creating leading edge IP (ADC's; DAC's; PLL's; SerDes) in leading edge processes (28nm and below). Position Requirements Must be familiar with design concepts for some basic analog functions including some of the following: data conversion, switched-capacitor circuits, op-amps, comparators, voltage and current references, phase-locked loops. Must be proficient in using CAD tools for circuit simulation, verification, and layout. 2-3 years employment or intern epxerience. Postion is also open to high performing recent EE graduate who has completed coursework that includes analog design. 版圖工程師 Key Areas of Responsibility: • Technical tasks involved are full customer layout design, layout check and verification. Required knowledge, skills, abilities: • Understanding the basic process and device knowledge. It is preferred to have knowledge on HV process/device. • Familiar with layout tools, verification tools, command file based on cadence environment. Additional knowledge, skills, abilities, certifications: • Understanding basic IC design knowledge, especially in analog IC. Knowing of ESD and latch-up related will be considered a plus. Required education and experience: • At least Bachelor degree is required. More than one year of prior experience in full-custom –design analog IC layout is necessary. Layout experience in Power management IC with HV process is preferred. 現在畫模擬版圖電路基本都是cds的輸入仿真工具,外加mentor的驗證工具,現在模擬電路設計基本停留在cad階段,eda還處在概念期,所以對人員經驗要求較高。很多公司對有經驗的電路工程師的定義是8年以上,可見這個崗位成才挺慢。做模擬電路需要對電路理論,半導體制程都有些了解,如果做高頻電路,還要懂電磁波跟信號處理方面的東西,這些東西上大學期間不要說學生能夠完全搞清楚的沒幾個,即使大部分教這些課程的叫獸僵尸,也只不過能把課本念熟練,真正完全理解的也不多見。所以真正有水平的模擬電路設計師,尤其是射頻集成電路設計的,即使世界范圍內也是稀缺資源。當然國內現在也有不少在做模擬電路的,但是大部分是做電源管理芯片,這個大概算模擬電路中的入門產品吧,甚至有些小公司直接翻抄版圖,也能出些產品。整體來說,這個崗位屬于需求大于供給的,即使水平一般,也不愁沒地方工作,除非鬧經濟危機所有公司都裁員的時候。這個工作如果能把需要學的都完全搞明白了,其實勞動量也就是算一下電路參數,做個仿真,指導一下版圖,屬于所有崗位里最輕松的,不過想能搞明白電路各種參量的關系,也絕非易事。 畫模擬版圖的貌似跟電路設計正好相反,很多新招聘的版圖員甚至不知道啥是三極管,然后被培訓幾天后就練習抄版圖,然后熟練了逐漸自己設計。這個職位基本只要明白各層次之間關系,不是色盲,手腳夠快,基本就能很快上手。不過這個職位也是所有職位里邊最辛苦的,要看著花花綠綠的顯示器不停的調整各個線條,而且版圖設計時間壓力一般也很大。一些私營公司的畫圖小妹甚至會被老板罵哭。這個職位可以說是最有屌絲氣息的一崗位,當然如果熬出來收入也還不錯,只是這個活計實在太費眼。 現在大部分電路都是數模混合,全芯片整合用數字設計流程,所以很多模擬電路設計都是設計模塊,然后集成進芯片,由于模擬部分尚且沒有標準的驗證流程,也不能像數字電路那樣放進fpga先跑跑看,而且模擬電路的測試設計也沒有明確規范,所以集成在一起的芯片大部分問題是由于模擬電路部分。相信隨著設計方法的改善與分工的細化,模擬電路方向會有更復雜的分工。 電路公司里邊其他職位,基本都是跟軟件或者整個系統相關了,這里就先介紹這些吧。對于其他的,如果有人比較了解,歡迎補充。之后我想整理一些對工作學習有幫助的網址,不知道是否有人有興趣 |